NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation:

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, NHIC Sub Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, incorporated in Delaware, formed to facilitate the acquisition of Evolv (Note 9). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Basis of Presentation:

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company are presented in U.S. dollars and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position as of June 30, 2021, and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any later period. Certain reclassifications have been made to the December 31, 2020 balance sheet to conform to the current presentation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s final prospectus dated July 28, 2020, as well as the Company’s Annual Report, Amendment #1 on Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on May 14, 2021.

At June 30, 2021, the Company has approximately $181,000 in cash, approximately $7,706,000 of current liabilities and approximately $7,380,000 in negative working capital. The preponderance of the current liabilities (approximately $7,300,000) results from amounts accrued as payable to professional service firms who have agreed to deferred payment terms, or success fees, that are payable at the closing of a Business Combination. Such accrued fees were paid upon the closing of the Business Combination on July 16, 2020. Therefore, in connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” as of June 30, 2021, management has determined that the Company’s current liquidity is sufficient to fund the working capital needs of the Company until the earlier of the consummation of the Business Combination or one year from the date of issuance of these financial statements.

Emerging Growth Company

Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when an accounting standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less when acquired, to be cash equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Deferred Offering Costs:

The Company complies with the requirements of the FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) Topic 5A — “Expenses of Offering.” Costs incurred in connection with preparation for the Offering were approximately $9,986,000,

including underwriters’ discount paid and deferred of approximately $9,488,000. Such costs were allocated among the equity and warrant liability components based on the relative fair value of the warrants and approximately $9,596,000 has been charged to equity for the equity components and approximately $390,000 has been charged to other expense for the warrant liability components upon completion of the Public Offering.

Redeemable Common Stock:

As discussed in Note 3, all of the 17,250,000 public shares sold as part of Units in the Public Offering contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of public shares if the Company holds a stockholder vote or there is a tender offer for shares in connection with a Business Combination. In accordance with FASB ASC 480, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require the security to be classified outside of permanent equity. Ordinary liquidation events, which involve the redemption and liquidation of all of the entity’s equity instruments, are excluded from the provisions of FASB ASC 480. Although the Company did not specify a maximum redemption threshold, its charter provides that in no event will it redeem its public shares in an amount that would cause its net tangible assets (stockholders’ equity) to be less than $5,000,001 upon the closing of a Business Combination.

The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of the securities at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of redeemable common stock are affected by adjustments to additional paid-in capital. Accordingly, at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, 12,906,585 and 14,077,350, respectively, of the 17,250,000 public shares were classified outside of permanent equity.

Net Income (Loss) per Share

Net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the Public Offering and Private Placement to purchase an aggregate of 14,325,000 shares of Class A common stock in the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share, since their inclusion would be anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. As a result, diluted income (loss) per common share is the same as basic loss per common share for the periods presented.

The Company’s statement of operations includes a presentation of income (loss) per share for common stock subject to redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income (loss) per share. Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted for Class A common stock is calculated by dividing the interest income earned on the funds in the Trust Account, net of income tax expense and franchise tax expense, by the weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding since their original issuance. Net income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted, for shares of Class B common stock is calculated by dividing the net income (loss), less income attributable to Class A common stock, by the weighted average number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding for the period. Net income (loss) available to each class of common stockholders is as follows for the

three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and for the three months ended June 30, 2020 and for the period from January 24, 2020 (date of inception) to June 30, 2020:

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Concentration of Credit Risk:

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which at times, may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts.

Financial Instruments:

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC 820”), “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the financial statements.

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statement, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liability. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and accordingly the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Income Taxes:

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under FASB ASC, 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company’s currently taxable income consists of interest income on the Trust Account net of taxes. The Company’s general and administrative costs are generally considered start-up costs and are not currently deductible. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and the three months ended June 30, 2021 and the period from January 24, 2020 (date of inception) to June 30, 2021, the Company recorded income tax expense of approximately $-0-and $-0-, respectively, related to interest income earned on the Trust Account net of taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and the three months ended June 30, 2021 and the period from January 24, 2020 (date of inception) to June 30, 2021 was approximately -0-% and -0-%, and -0-% and -0-%, respectively, which differs from the expected income tax rate due to the start-up costs (discussed above) which are not currently deductible as well as business combination and warrant liability charges or credits which may not be deductible, and the low level of interest income. At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company has a deferred tax asset of approximately $575,000 and $200,000, respectively. The Company records a full allowance reducing such deferred tax assets to zero since they are not reasonably assured of realizabilty due to the Company’s lack of operations, losses and pending change of control.

FASB ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2021. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. No amounts were accrued for the payment of interest and penalties at June 30, 2021. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.

Warrant Liability

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance FASB ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own shares, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and at fair value in each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. Costs associated with issuing the warrants accounted for as liabilities are charged to operations when the warrants are issued. The fair value of the public warrants and the private placement warrants were initially estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Following the separate trading of the Company’s common stock and public warrants, the private placement warrants fair values were estimated using a Black-Scholes-Merton approach.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06”) to simplify accounting for certain financial instruments. ASU 2020-06 eliminates the current models that require separation of beneficial conversion and cash conversion features from convertible instruments and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance pertaining to equity classification of contracts in an entity’s own equity. The new standard also introduces additional disclosures for convertible debt and freestanding instruments that are indexed to and settled in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 amends the diluted earnings per share guidance, including the requirement to use the if-converted method for all convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 is effective January 1, 2022 and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the pronouncement will have on the financial statements.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Subsequent Events:

Management has evaluated subsequent events to determine if events or transactions occurring after the date of the condensed consolidated balance sheet but before the condensed financial statements were available to be issued require potential adjustment to or disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements and has concluded that all such events that would require adjustment or disclosure have been recognized or disclosed, see Note 9.

NOTE 3 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation:

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with ASU 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” as of December 31, 2020, management has determined that the Company’s current liquidity is sufficient to fund the working capital needs of the Company until at least one year from the date of issuance of the audited financial statements.

All dollar amounts are rounded to the nearest thousand dollars.

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NOTE 3 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Emerging Growth Company

Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when an accounting standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Cash and Cash Equivalents:

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less when acquired, to be cash equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents at December 31, 2020.

Deferred Offering Costs:

The Company complies with the requirements of the FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) Topic 5A — “Expenses of Offering.” Costs incurred in connection with preparation for the Offering (approximately $9,986,000) including underwriters’ discount paid and deferred of approximately $9,488,000. Such costs were allocated among the equity and warrant liability components and approximately $9,596,000 has been charged to equity for the equity components and approximately $390,000 has been charged to other expense for the warrant liability components upon completion of the Public Offering.

Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption:

As discussed in Note 3, all of the 17,250,000 public shares sold as part of Units in the Public Offering contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of public shares if the Company holds a stockholder vote or there is a tender offer for shares in connection with a Business Combination. In accordance with FASB ASC 480, redemption provisions not solely within the control of the Company require the security to be classified outside of permanent equity. Ordinary liquidation events, which involve the redemption and liquidation of all of the entity’s equity instruments, are excluded from the provisions of FASB ASC 480. Although the Company did not specify a maximum redemption threshold, its charter provides that in no event will it redeem its public shares in an amount that would cause its net tangible assets (stockholders’ equity) to be less than $5,000,001 upon the closing of a Business Combination.

The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of the securities at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of redeemable common stock are affected by adjustments to additional paid-in capital. Accordingly, at December 31, 2020, 14,077,350 of the 17,250,000 Class A common shares were classified outside of permanent equity.

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

Net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. The Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the Public Offering and Private Placement to purchase an aggregate of 14,325,000 shares of Class A common stock in the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share, since their inclusion would be anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method. As a result, diluted income (loss) per common share is the same as basic loss per common share for the period.

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NOTE 3 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

The Company’s statement of operations includes a presentation of income (loss) per share for common stock subject to redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income (loss) per share. Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted for Class A common stock is calculated by dividing the interest income earned on the funds in the Trust Account, net of income tax expense and franchise tax expense, by the weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding since their original issuance. Net income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted, for shares of Class B common stock is calculated by dividing the net income (loss), less income attributable to Class A common stock, by the weighted average number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding for the period. Net income (loss) available to each class of common stockholders is as follows for the period from January 24, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020 (as restated):

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Concentration of Credit Risk:

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which at times, may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage of $250,000. The Company has not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts.

Financial Instruments:

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the financial statements primarily due to their short-term nature.

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed as of December 31, 2020, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

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NOTE 3 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Income Taxes:

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under FASB ASC, 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company’s general and administrative costs are generally considered start-up costs and are not currently deductible. During the period from January 24, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020, the Company recorded no current income tax expense. The Company’s effective tax rate for the period from January 24, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020 was approximately 0.09% which differs from the expected income tax rate primarily due to the approximately $947,000 of start-up costs (discussed above). At December 31, 2020, the Company has a deferred tax asset of approximately $200,000 and has recorded a valuation allowance of $200,000 because its realization is uncertain.

FASB ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2020. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. No amounts were accrued for the payment of interest and penalties at December 31, 2020. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.

Warrant Liability

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding. Costs of issuing warrants are charged to operations.

For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. Costs associated with issuing the warrants accounted for as liabilities are charged to operations when the warrants are issued. The fair value of the warrants was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation approach.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

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NOTE 3 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Subsequent Events:

Management has evaluated subsequent events occurring after the date of the financial statements up to May 14, 2021, the date the financial statements were available to be issued to determine if there were any such events or transactions that require potential adjustment to or disclosure in the financial statements. The Company has concluded that all such events that would require adjustment or disclosure have been recognized or disclosed. See Note 8.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these consolidated financial statements include but are not limited to calculating the standalone selling price for revenue recognition, the valuation of inventory, the valuation of derivative liability, the valuation of common stock and stock-based awards, and the valuation of the preferred stock warrant liability. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known trends and other market-specific or other relevant factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates when there are changes in circumstances, facts, and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact our business, results of operations and financial condition, including revenues and expenses, will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain, including as a result of new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain it or treat COVID-19. We have made estimates of the impact of COVID-19 within our consolidated financial statements and there may be changes to those estimates in future periods. These estimates may change, as new events occur, and additional information is obtained. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates as there are changes in circumstances, facts, and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results may differ from those estimates or assumptions.

Risk of Concentrations of Credit, Significant Customers and Significant Suppliers

Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and accounts receivable, net. Periodically, the Company maintains deposits in accredited financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company maintains its cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash with financial institutions that management believes to be of high credit quality. The Company has not experienced any losses on such accounts and does not believe it is exposed to any unusual credit risk beyond the normal credit risk associated with commercial banking relationships.

Significant customers are those which represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue or accounts receivable, net balance at each respective balance sheet date. The following table presents customers that represent 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue:

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The following table presents customers that represent 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable, net:

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The Company relies on third parties for the supply and manufacture of its products as well as third-party logistics providers. In instances where these parties fail to perform their obligations, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers to satisfactorily deliver its products to its customers on time, if at all, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results, financial condition and cash flows and damage its customer relationships.

Debt Issuance Costs

The Company capitalizes certain legal, accounting, and other third-party fees that are directly associated with the issuance of debt as debt issuance costs. Debt issuance costs are recorded as a direct reduction of the carrying amount of the associated debt on the consolidated balance sheet and amortized as interest expense on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss using the effective interest method. As of June 30, 2021, and December 31, 2020, debt issuance costs totaled $0.1 million and $0.1 million and were recorded as a reduction in the carrying amount of long term debt in the consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 the Company recorded less than $0.1 million in amortization of the debt issuance costs recorded within interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported on the consolidated statement of cash flows consists of the following (in thousands):

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The Company considers all short-term, highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash consists of a security deposit on the Company’s new office lease in Waltham, Massachusetts, with $0.4 million included in the current portion of restricted cash which will be returned during the first half of 2022, and $0.3 million included in restricted cash, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each asset, as follows:

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Estimated useful lives are periodically assessed to determine if changes are appropriate. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the lease term or its estimated economic useful life. Lease terms are used based upon the initial lease agreement and do not consider potential renewals or extensions until such time that the renewals or extensions are contracted. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost of these assets and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are eliminated from the consolidated balance sheet and any resulting gains or losses are included in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss in the period of disposal. Costs for capital assets not yet placed into service are capitalized as construction-in-progress and depreciated once placed into service.

Our leases for leased equipment generally are 48 months. The Company’s subscription contracts are classified as operating leases because title does not transfer and they do not meet any of the other criteria per ASC 840. To date, the Company has not had any subscription arrangements come up for renewal and will reassess the classification of any such leases upon renewal.

We evaluate leased equipment for obsolescence and impairment whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such equipment is not recoverable by considering any (1) reduced demand in the markets in which we operate, (2) technological obsolescence due to developments of new products and improvements, or (3) changes in economic or other events and conditions that impact the market price for our products. Based on our evaluations at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we did not recognize a reserve for obsolescence for leased equipment.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment. Long-lived assets to be held and used are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Factors that the Company considers in deciding when to perform an impairment review include significant underperformance of the business in relation to expectations, significant negative industry or economic trends and significant changes or planned changes in the use of the assets. If an impairment review is performed to evaluate a long-lived asset group for recoverability, the Company compares forecasts of undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the long-lived asset group to its carrying value. An impairment loss would be recognized in loss from operations when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result

from the use of an asset group are less than its carrying amount. The impairment loss is based on the excess of the carrying value of the impaired asset group over its fair value, determined based on discounted cash flows. The Company did not record any impairment losses on long-lived assets during the three or six months ended June 30, 2021 or June 30, 2020 nor the year ended December 31, 2020.

Fair Value Measurements of Financial Instruments

Certain assets and liabilities of the Company are carried at fair value under GAAP. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable:

The Company’s cash equivalents, derivative liability and its common stock warrant liability are carried at fair value, determined according to the fair value hierarchy described above (see Note 3). The carrying values of the Company’s accounts receivable, net, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt approximates its fair value (a Level 2 measurement) at each balance sheet date due to its variable interest rate, which approximates a market interest rate.

Derivative Liability

In August through September 2019 and in September through December 2020, the Company issued Convertible Notes to several investors (see Note 8) that provided a conversion option whereby upon the closing of a specified financing event the notes would automatically convert into shares of the same class and series of capital stock of the Company issued to other investors in the financing at a conversion price equal to 85% and 80%, respectively, of the price per share of the securities paid by the other investors. This conversion option was determined to be an embedded derivative that was required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the notes. The derivative liability was initially recorded at fair value upon issuance of the notes and is subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value of the derivative liability are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. In October 2019, the specified financing event was consummated, as such the Convertible Notes issued August through September 2019 were converted into shares of Series B-1 Preferred Stock (see Note 9), and the derivative liability was extinguished. The derivative liability related to the Convertible Notes issued in September and December 2020 is outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and is included as a derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (see Note 8).

Between January 21, 2021 and February 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “2021 Convertible Notes”) with various investors for gross proceeds of $30.0 million with a stated interest rate of 8.0% per annum. The 2021 Convertible Notes provided a conversion option whereby upon the closing of a Qualified Financing event, in which the aggregate gross proceeds totaled at least $100.0 million, the 2021 Convertible Notes would automatically convert into shares of the same class and series of capital stock of the Company issued to other investors in the financing at a conversion price equal to 80% of the price per share paid by the other investors. The conversion option met the definition of an embedded derivative and was required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the notes. The proceeds from the 2021 Convertible Notes were allocated between the derivative liability and current portion of long-term debt on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The difference between the initial carrying value of the notes and the stated value of the notes represented a discount that was accreted to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Notes using the effective interest method.

On June 21, 2021, the Company and the holders of the 2021 Convertible Notes agreed that, in connection with the Business Combination, such holders would receive an additional 1,000,000 shares of NHIC common stock as further consideration for the automatic conversion of such notes upon closing of the Business Combination. This modification of the 2021 Convertible Notes resulted in an extinguishment, and recognition of a derivative liability, which represents both the value of the 1,000,000 NHIC shares as of June 21, 2021 as well as a bifurcated embedded derivative for conversion into shares of the same class and series of capital stock of the Company issued to other investors in the financing at a conversion price equal to 80% of the price per share paid by the other investors. The derivative liability related to the 2021 Convertible Notes is outstanding as of June 30, 2021 and is included as a derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2021 (see Note 8).

Classification of Convertible Preferred Stock

The holders of Series A, Series A-1, Series B and Series B-1 convertible preferred stock have certain liquidation rights in the event of a deemed liquidation event that, in certain situations, is not solely within the control of the Company and would call for the redemption of the then outstanding Series A, Series A-1, Series B and Series B-1 convertible preferred stock (see Note 9). Therefore, the Series A, Series A-1, Series B and Series B-1 convertible preferred stock are classified outside of stockholders’ deficit on the consolidated balance sheets.

Warrant Liability

The Company classifies certain warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock (see Note 10) as a liability on its consolidated balance sheets as these warrants are freestanding financial instruments that may require the Company to adjust the exercise price and number of shares that is not consistent with a fixed-for-fixed option pricing model. The warrant liability is initially recorded at fair value on the issuance date of each warrant and is subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value of the warrant liability are recognized as a component of other expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Changes in the fair value of the warrant liability will continue to be recognized until the warrants are exercised, expire or qualify for equity classification.

Equity Classified Preferred Stock Warrants

The Company classifies warrants for the purchase of shares of its preferred stock (see Note 10) as temporary equity on its consolidated balance sheets. In connection with a customer development agreement, the Company issued warrants to a customer to purchase shares of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock. Upon adoption of ASU No. 2018-07 and ASU No. 2019-08 on January 1, 2019, any liability classified warrants issued to non-employees for goods or services were modified to temporary equity classification.

Equity Classified Common Stock Warrants

The Company classifies certain warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock (see Note 10) as equity on its consolidated balance sheets as these warrants are considered to meet the derivative scope exception for freestanding equity contracts. For these warrants that are classified on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as equity instruments, the Company uses the Black-Scholes model to measure the value of the warrants at issuance.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In order to achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps when recording revenue: (1) identify the contract, or contracts, with the customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company derives revenue from (1) subscription arrangements accounted for as operating leases under ASC 840 and (2) from the sale of products, inclusive of maintenance and services. The Company’s arrangements are generally noncancelable and nonrefundable after ownership passes to the customer. Revenue is recognized net of sales tax.

Product Revenue

The Company derives revenue from the sale of its Express and Edge equipment and related add-on accessories to customers. Revenue is recognized when control of the product has transferred to the customer. Transfer of control occurs when the Company has transferred title and risk of loss and has a present right to payment for the equipment, which is generally upon delivery as the Company’s normal terms of sale are freight on board destination. Products are predominately sold with distinct services, which are described in the services section below.

Subscription Revenue

In addition to selling its products directly to customers, the Company also leases Express and Edge equipment. These arrangements convey the right to use the equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration and therefore are accounted for under ASC 840 due to the scope exception of ASC 606-10-15-2. Lease terms are typically four years and customers pay quarterly or annual fixed payments for the lease and maintenance elements over the contractual lease term. In accordance with ASC 840, Leases, we consider only the fixed payments for purposes of allocating between the lease and non-lease deliverables on a relative fair value basis. Equipment leases are generally classified as operating leases as they do not meet any of the capital lease criteria per ASC 840.

Generally, lease arrangements include both lease and non-lease components. The non-lease components relate to (i) distinct services, such as installation, training and maintenance, and (ii) any add-on accessories. Installation and training are included in service revenue as described below, and add-on accessories are included in product revenue as described above. Because the equipment and maintenance components of a subscription arrangement are recognized as revenue over the same time period and in the same pattern and because revenue allocated to maintenance components is not material, the equipment lease and maintenance performance obligations are classified as a single category of subscription revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.

As leases with customers are classified as operating leases, lease revenue is recognized ratably over the duration of the lease. There are no contingent lease payments as a part of these arrangements.

Services Revenue

The Company provides installation, training and maintenance services for its products. Revenue for installation and training is recognized upon transfer of control of these services, which are normally rendered over a short duration. Maintenance consists of technical support, bug fixes, and when-and-if-available threat updates. Maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the period of the arrangement. The Company sells separately priced extended or nonstandard warranty services and preventative maintenance plans, which are recognized ratably over the associated service period.

Revenue from Distributors

A portion of the Company’s revenue is also generated by sales in conjunction with its distributors. When the Company transacts with a distributor, its contractual arrangement is with the distributor and not with the end-use customer. In these transactions, the distributor is considered the customer; the Company has discretion over the pricing to the distributor and maintains overall control of the inventory and sales process to the distributor. Revenue is recognized upon delivery to the distributors. Right of return does not generally exist. Whether the Company transacts with a distributor and receives the order from a distributor or directly from an end-use customer, its revenue recognition policy and resulting pattern of revenue recognition is the same upon delivery.

Transaction Price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration that the Company expects to be entitled for providing goods and services under a contract. It includes not only fixed consideration, such as the stated amount in a contract, but also several other types of variable consideration or adjustments (generally discounts or incentives which are included as a part of the standalone selling price (“SSP”) estimation process). The Company provides discounts to customers which reduces the transaction price. From time-to-time, the Company may offer customers the option to purchase additional goods and services at a fixed price. In these limited circumstances, the Company assesses whether these offers constitute a material right, and if so, the Company would account for the material right as a separate performance obligation. Other types of variable consideration are not considered significant. The Company does not normally provide for rights of returns to customers on product sales and, therefore, does not record a provision for returns.

Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct product or service to a customer that is both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the product or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available, and is distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the product or service is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. For both Express and Edge units, equipment is sold or leased with embedded software, which is considered a single performance obligation. Maintenance, which includes future updates, security threat updates, and minor bug fixes on a when-and-if available basis, is considered a single performance obligation. As a part of reported subscription sales, certain non-lease components, such as maintenance, are included within the subscription revenue amount. The Company sells separately priced extended or nonstandard warranty services and preventative maintenance plans, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Installation and training are considered separate performance obligations and are included within services revenue. Any add-on accessories are also considered separate performance obligations.

Payment terms

Payment terms for customer orders are typically 30 days after the shipment or delivery of the product. For certain products, services and customer types, the Company requires payment before the products or services are delivered to, or performed for, the customer. Generally, the Company’s contracts do not contain a significant financing component.

Multiple Performance Obligations within an Arrangement

The Company’s contracts may include multiple performance obligations when customers purchase a combination of products and services. When the Company’s customer arrangements have multiple performance obligations that contain a lease for Express or Edge equipment for the customer’s use at its site as well as distinct services that are delivered simultaneously, the Company allocates the arrangement consideration between the lease deliverables and non-lease deliverables based on the relative estimated SSP of each distinct performance obligation. For multiple performance obligation arrangements that do not contain a lease, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative SSP basis. The Company determines SSP based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the SSP is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the SSP taking into account available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligation.

Remaining Performance Obligations

ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of June 30, 2021. The following table includes estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) as of June 30, 2021. Note that with respect to ASC 840, Subscription revenue includes maintenance in addition to the operating lease components of these transactions (in thousands).

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The amount of minimum future leases is based on expected income recognition. As of June 30, 2021, future minimum payments on noncancelable leases are as follows (in thousands):

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Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract assets arise from unbilled amounts in customer arrangements when revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer and the Company’s right to payment is conditional and not only subject to the passage of time. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had $2.3 million and $0 of contract assets included within prepaid expenses and other current assets and long-term contract assets on the consolidated balance sheet, respectively.

Contract liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which it has received consideration (or the amount is due) from the customer. The Company has a contract liability related to service revenue, which consists of amounts that have been invoiced but that have not been recognized as revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as current deferred revenue and amounts expected to be recognized as revenue beyond 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as noncurrent deferred revenue. The Company recognized $0.6 million and $1.8 million during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2021 of revenue that was previously included in the 2020 deferred revenue balance, respectively. The following table provides a rollforward of deferred revenue (in thousands):

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Disaggregated Revenue

The following table presents the Company’s revenue by revenue stream (in thousands):

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Contract Acquisition Costs

The Company incurs and pays commissions on product sales. The Company applies the practical expedient for contracts less than one year to expense the costs in the period in which they were incurred. Commissions on product sales and services are expensed in the period in which the sale occurs and the services are provided. Commissions on subscription arrangements and maintenance are expensed ratably over the life of the contract. The Company had a deferred asset related to commissions of $3.0 million at June 30,

2021 and $2.3 million at December 31, 2020. The increase in deferred assets is due to an increase of subscription revenue in 2020 and 2021 for which the related revenue and commissions are recognized over the contract term. The Company amortized commissions of $0.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2021 which related to 2021 commissions, $0.1 million which related to 2020 commissions and $0.0 million which related to 2019 commissions. The Company amortized commissions of $0.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 which related to 2021 commissions, $0.2 million which related to 2020 commissions and $0.1 million which related to 2019 commissions.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures all stock-based awards granted to employees, officers, directors and non-employees based on their fair value on the date of the grant and recognizes compensation expense for those awards over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Company issues stock-based awards with service-based vesting conditions and records the expense for these awards using the straight-line method. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. The Company has issued stock-based awards with performance-based vesting conditions. In August 2020, the Company granted an officer 1,481,982 stock options with a performance-based milestone vesting condition which vested immediately upon achievement of a certain sales milestone. The milestone was achieved in December 2020, and the Company recorded $0.1 million in stock compensation expense upon vesting during the year ended December 31, 2020 In March 2021, the Company granted a warrant exercisable for 6,756,653 shares of common stock to a consulting group (“2021 Finback Common Stock Warrants”) with performance based vesting conditions which vest upon certain sales being met under a Business Development agreement which has a term of three years.

The Company classifies stock-based compensation expense in its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss in the same manner in which the award recipient’s payroll costs are classified or by the nature of the services provided by consultants are classified.

The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses the following inputs: (i) the fair value per share of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the option, (ii) the expected term is used for an option grant to an employee and the contractual term for an option grant to a non-employee, (iii) expected volatility of the price of the common stock, (iv) the risk-free interest rate, and (v) the expected dividend yield. The Company values its common stock taking into consideration its most recently available valuation of common stock performed by third parties as well as additional factors which may have changed since the date of the most recent contemporaneous valuation through the date of grant. The exercise price of the option cannot be less than the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. The expected term of the Company’s stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla”. The Company historically has been a private company and lacks company-specific historical and implied volatility information for its stock. Therefore, the Company estimates its expected stock price volatility based on the historical volatility of publicly traded peer companies and expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of its own traded stock price. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. Expected dividend yield is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends on common stock and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements or in the Company’s tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the consolidated financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in the provision for income taxes.

The Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future sources of income and, to the extent it believes, based upon the weight of available evidence, that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established through a charge to income tax expense. Potential for recovery of deferred tax assets is evaluated by analyzing past operating results, estimating the future taxable profits expected and considering prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.

The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the consolidated financial statements by applying a two-step process to determine the amount of tax benefit to be recognized. First, the tax position must be evaluated to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination by the taxing authorities. If the tax position is deemed more-likely-than-

not to be sustained, the tax position is then assessed to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of the benefit that may be recognized is the largest amount that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The provision for income taxes includes the effects of any resulting tax reserves, or unrecognized tax benefits, that are considered appropriate as well as the related net interest and penalties.

The Company evaluates at the end of each reporting period whether some or all of the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries are permanently reinvested. The Company would recognize deferred income tax liabilities to the extent that management asserts that undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries are not permanently reinvested and will not be permanently reinvested in the future. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 the Company had no foreign earnings in any foreign jurisdictions.

Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

The Company follows the two-class method when computing net income (loss) per share as the Company has issued shares that meet the definition of participating securities. The two-class method determines net income (loss) per share for each class of common and participating securities according to dividends declared or accumulated and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed.

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders is computed by adjusting net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders to reallocate undistributed earnings based on the potential impact of dilutive securities. Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, including potential dilutive common shares. For purposes of this calculation, outstanding stock options, convertible preferred stock, convertible notes, and warrants to purchase preferred stock are considered potential dilutive common shares.

The Company’s convertible preferred shares contractually entitle the holders of such shares to participate in dividends but do not contractually require the holders of such shares to participate in losses of the Company. Accordingly, in periods in which the Company reports a net loss attributable to common stockholders, such losses are not allocated to such participating securities. In periods in which the Company reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders, diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company qualifies as “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and has elected not to “opt out” to the extended transition related to complying with new or revised accounting standards, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public and nonpublic companies, the Company will adopt the new or revised standard at the time nonpublic companies adopt the new or revised standard and will do so until such time that the Company either (i) irrevocably elects to “opt out” of such extended transition period or (ii) no longer qualifies as an emerging growth company. The Company may choose to early adopt any new or revised accounting standards whenever such early adoption is permitted for nonpublic companies.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). The new standard adjusts the accounting for assets held at amortized costs basis, including marketable securities accounted for as available for sale, and trade receivables. The standard eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold and requires an entity to reflect its current estimate of all expected credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to present the net amount expected to be collected. For public entities except smaller reporting companies, the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, which deferred the effective date for non-public entities to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is allowed. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2023, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e., lessees and lessors). The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less may be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today. For nonpublic entities, this guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), which added an optional transition method under which financial statements may be prepared under the revised guidance for the year of adoption, but not for prior years. Under the latter method, entities will recognize a cumulative catch-up adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2022, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (ASC 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various areas related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. For public entities the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. For non-public entities, the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and for interim periods within years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2022, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity,” which simplifies and clarifies certain calculation and presentation matters related to convertible and equity and debt instruments. Specifically, ASU 2020-06 removes requirements to separately account for conversion features as a derivative under ASC Topic 815 and removing the requirement to account for beneficial conversion features on such instruments. ASU 2020-06 also provides clearer guidance surrounding disclosure of such instruments and provides specific guidance for how such instruments are to be incorporated in the calculation of Diluted EPS. The guidance under ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2022, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in these consolidated financial statements include but are not limited to calculating the standalone selling price for revenue recognition, the valuation of inventory, the valuation of derivative liability, the valuation of common stock and stock-based awards, and the valuation of the preferred stock warrant liability. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, known trends and other market-specific or other relevant factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates when there are changes in circumstances, facts, and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will directly or indirectly impact our business, results of operations and financial condition, including revenues and expenses, will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain, including as a result of new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19 and the actions taken to contain it or treat COVID-19. We have made estimates of the impact of COVID-19 within our consolidated financial statements and there may be changes to those estimates in future periods. These estimates may change, as new events occur, and additional information is obtained. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates as there are changes in circumstances, facts, and experience. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. Actual results may differ from those estimates or assumptions.

Risk of Concentrations of Credit, Significant Customers and Significant Suppliers

Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable, net. Periodically, the Company maintains deposits in accredited financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions that management believes to be of high credit quality. The Company has not experienced any losses on such accounts and does not believe it is exposed to any unusual credit risk beyond the normal credit risk associated with commercial banking relationships.

Significant customers are those which represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue or accounts receivable, net balance at each respective balance sheet date. For the year ended December 31, 2020, one customer represented greater than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2019, three customers each represented greater than 10% of the Company’s total revenue. The following table presents customers that represent 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue:

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

As of December 31, 2020, two customers each represented greater than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable, net balance. As of December 31, 2019, two customers each represented greater than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable, net balance. The following table presents customers that represent 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable, net:

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The Company relies on third parties for the supply and manufacture of its products as well as third-party logistics providers. In instances where these parties fail to perform their obligations, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers to satisfactorily deliver its products to its customers on time, if at all, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results, financial condition and cash flows and damage its customer relationships.

Debt Issuance Costs

The Company capitalizes certain legal, accounting, and other third-party fees that are directly associated with the issuance of debt as debt issuance costs. Debt issuance costs are recorded as a direct reduction of the carrying amount of the associated debt on the consolidated balance sheet and amortized as interest expense on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss using the effective interest method. As of December 31, 2020, and 2019, debt issuance costs totaled $0.1 million and $0.0 million and were recorded as a reduction in the carrying amount of long term debt in the consolidated balance sheets. During the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded less than $0.1 million and $0.0 million in amortization of the debt issuance costs recorded within interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents that are readily convertible to cash are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not hold cash in banks located outside of the U.S.

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable are customer obligations that are unconditional. Accounts receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, which represents an estimate of amounts that may not be collectible. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and, if necessary, provides an allowance for doubtful accounts and expected losses. The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance when it determines a balance is uncollectible and no longer actively pursues collection of the receivable. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to customers. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively. The Company did not write off any accounts receivable balances in the during the years ended December 31, 2020 or 2019.

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost being determined using the first-in, first-out method. The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on-hand for excess and obsolete inventory and, when circumstances indicate, records charges to write down inventories to their estimated net realizable value, after evaluating historical sales, future demand, market conditions and expected product life cycles. Such charges are classified as product cost of revenues in the consolidated statement of operations. Any write-down of inventory to net realizable value creates a new cost basis.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of each asset, as follows:

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Estimated useful lives are periodically assessed to determine if changes are appropriate. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the lease term or its estimated economic useful life. Lease terms are used based upon the initial lease agreement and do not consider potential renewals or extensions until such time that the renewals or extensions are contracted. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost of these assets and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are eliminated from the consolidated balance sheet and any resulting gains or losses are included in the consolidated statement of operations in the period of disposal. Costs for capital assets not yet placed into service are capitalized as construction-in-progress and depreciated once placed into service.

Our leases generally are 48 months. The Company’s subscription contracts are classified as operating leases because title does not transfer and they do not meet any of the other criteria per ASC 840. To date, the Company has not had any subscription arrangements come up for renewal and will reassess the classification of any such leases upon renewal.

We evaluate leased equipment for obsolescence and impairment whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such equipment is not recoverable by considering any (1) reduced demand in the markets in which we operate, (2) technological obsolescence due to developments of new products and improvements, or (3) changes in economic or other events and conditions that impact the market price for our products. Based on our evaluations at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020, we did not recognize a reserve for obsolescence for leased equipment.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets consist of property and equipment. Long-lived assets to be held and used are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Factors that the Company considers in deciding when to perform an impairment review include significant underperformance of the business in relation to expectations, significant negative industry or economic trends and significant changes or planned changes in the use of the assets. If an impairment review is performed to evaluate a long-lived asset group for recoverability, the Company compares forecasts of undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the long-lived asset group to its carrying value. An impairment loss would be recognized in loss from operations when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of an asset group are less than its carrying amount. The impairment loss is based on the excess of the carrying value of the impaired asset group over its fair value, determined based on discounted cash flows. The Company did not record any impairment losses on long-lived assets during the years ended December 31, 2020 or 2019.

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Fair Value Measurements of Financial Instruments

Certain assets and liabilities of the Company are carried at fair value under GAAP. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable:

The Company’s cash equivalents, derivative liability and its common stock warrant liability are carried at fair value, determined according to the fair value hierarchy described above (see Note 3). The carrying values of the Company’s accounts receivable, net, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt approximates its fair value (a level 2 measurement) at each balance sheet date due to its variable interest rate, which approximates a market interest rate.

Embedded Derivative Liability

In August through September 2019 and in September 2020, the Company issued convertible notes to several investors (see Note 7) that provided a conversion option whereby upon the closing of a specified financing event the notes would automatically convert into shares of the same class and series of capital stock of the Company issued to other investors in the financing at a conversion price equal to 85% and 80%, respectively, of the price per share of the securities paid by the other investors. This conversion option was determined to be an embedded derivative that was required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately from the notes. The derivative liability was initially recorded at fair value upon issuance of the notes and is subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value of the derivative liability are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. In October 2019, the specified financing event was consummated, as such the notes issued August through September 2019 were converted into shares of Series B-1 Preferred Stock (see Note 8), and the derivative liability was extinguished. The derivative liability related to the 2020 convertible note is outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and is included as a derivative liability in the consolidated balance sheets (see Note 7).

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Product Warranties

The Company generally provides a one to two-year limited assurance warranty on products sales, which is included in the selling price. Product warranties provide assurance that the Company’s product functions in accordance with agreed upon specifications. Warranties cover repairs and replacements when the product does not function in accordance with agreed upon specifications. The standard assurance warranty does not cover, and no warranty is provided for parts which by their nature are normally required to be replaced periodically. The accrued warranty cost is based on estimated material, labor, and other costs that the Company expects to incur to fulfill the warranty obligation. Estimates are primarily based on historical information, current cost data, and future forecast. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of the warranty accrual and adjusts the amount as necessary. If the historical data used to calculate the adequacy of the warranty accrual are not indicative of future requirements, an additional or reduced warranty accrual may be required. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded a warranty accrual of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million which is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company additionally offers extended warranty services or preventative maintenance plans which are separately priced and which are accounted for as an additional performance obligation and recognized ratably over the period the services are provided.

Classification of Convertible Preferred Stock

The holders of Series A, Series A-1, Series B and Series B-1 convertible preferred stock have certain liquidation rights in the event of a deemed liquidation event that, in certain situations, is not solely within the control of the Company and would call for the redemption of the then outstanding Series A, Series A-1, Series B and Series B-1 convertible preferred stock (see Note 8). Therefore, the Series A, Series A-1, Series B and Series B-1 convertible preferred stock are classified outside of stockholders’ deficit on the consolidated balance sheets.

Warrant Liability

The Company classifies certain warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock (see Note 9) as a liability on its consolidated balance sheets as these warrants are freestanding financial instruments that may require the Company to adjust the exercise price and number of shares that is not consistent with a fixed-for-fixed option pricing model. The warrant liability is initially recorded at fair value on the issuance date of each warrant and is subsequently remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. Changes in the fair value of the warrant liability are recognized as a component of other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Changes in the fair value of the warrant liability will continue to be recognized until the warrants are exercised, expire or qualify for equity classification.

Equity Classified Preferred Stock Warrants

The Company classifies warrants for the purchase of shares of its preferred stock (see Note 9) as temporary equity on its consolidated balance sheets. In connection with a customer development agreement, the Company issued warrants to a customer to purchase shares of its Series A-1 Preferred Stock. Upon adoption of ASU No. 2018-07 and ASU No. 2019-08 on January 1, 2019, any liability classified warrants issued to non-employees for goods or services were modified to temporary equity classification.

Equity Classified Common Stock Warrants

The Company classifies certain warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock (see Note 9) as equity on its consolidated balance sheets as these warrants are considered to meet the derivative scope exception for freestanding equity contracts. For these warrants that are classified on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as equity instruments, the Company uses the Black-Scholes model to measure the value of the warrants at issuance.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Segment Information

The Company determined that it has one operating segment after considering the Company’s organizational structure and the information regularly reviewed and evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company has determined that its CODM is collectively the Chief Executive Officer, Head of Corporate Development and Founder, Head of Advanced Technology and Founder, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Revenue Officer. The CODM reviews the financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of evaluating financial performance and allocating resources. On the basis of these factors, the Company determined that it operates and manages its business as one operating segment, that develops, manufactures, markets and sells security screening products and specific services, and accordingly has one reportable segment for financial reporting purposes.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606. Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In order to achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps when recording revenue: (1) identify the contract, or contracts, with the customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company derives revenue from (1) subscription arrangements accounted for as operating leases under ASC 840 and (2) from the sale of products, inclusive of maintenance and services. The Company’s arrangements are generally noncancelable and nonrefundable after ownership passes to the customer. Revenue is recognized net of sales tax.

Product Revenue

The Company derives revenue from the sale of its Express and Edge equipment and related add-on accessories to customers. Revenue is recognized when control of the product has transferred to the customer. Transfer of control occurs when the Company has transferred title and risk of loss and has a present right to payment for the equipment, which is generally upon delivery as the Company’s normal terms of sale are freight on board destination. Products are predominately sold with distinct services, which are described in the services section below.

Subscription Revenue

In addition to selling its products directly to customers, the Company also leases Express and Edge equipment. These arrangements convey the right to use the equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration and therefore are accounted for under ASC 840 due to the scope exception of ASC 606-10-15-2. Lease terms are typically four years and customers pay quarterly or annual fixed payments for the lease and maintenance elements over the contractual lease term. In accordance with ASC 840, Leases, we consider only the fixed payments for purposes of allocating between the lease and non-lease deliverables on a relative fair value basis. Equipment leases are generally classified as operating leases as they do not meet any of the capital lease criteria per ASC 840.

Generally, lease arrangements include both lease and non-lease components. The non-lease components relate to (i) distinct services, such as installation, training and maintenance, and (ii) any add-on accessories. Installation and training are included in service revenue as described below, and add-on accessories are included in product revenue as described above. Because the equipment and maintenance components of a subscription arrangement are recognized as revenue over the same time period and in the same pattern and because revenue allocated to maintenance components is not material, the equipment lease and maintenance performance obligations are classified as a single category of subscription revenue in the consolidated statements of operations.

As leases with customers are classified as operating leases, lease revenue is recognized ratably over the duration of the lease. There are no contingent lease payments as a part of these arrangements.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Services Revenue

The Company provides installation, training and maintenance services for its products. Revenue for installation and training is recognized upon transfer of control of these services, which are normally rendered over a short duration. Maintenance consists of technical support, bug fixes, and when-and-if-available threat updates. Maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the period of the arrangement. The Company sells separately priced extended or nonstandard warranty services and preventative maintenance plans, which are recognized ratably over the associated service period.

Revenue from Distributors

A portion of the Company’s revenue is also generated by sales in conjunction with its distributors. When the Company transacts with a distributor, its contractual arrangement is with the distributor and not with the end-use customer. In these transactions, the distributor is considered the customer; the Company has discretion over the pricing to the distributor and maintains overall control of the inventory and sales process to the distributor. Revenue is recognized upon delivery to the distributors. Right of return does not generally exist. Whether the Company transacts with a distributor and receives the order from a distributor or directly from an end-use customer, its revenue recognition policy and resulting pattern of revenue recognition is the same (upon delivery).

Transaction Price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration that the Company expects to be entitled for providing goods and services under a contract. It includes not only fixed consideration, such as the stated amount in a contract, but also several other types of variable consideration or adjustments (generally discounts or incentives which are included as a part of the standalone selling price (“SSP”) estimation process). The Company provides discounts to customers which reduces the transaction price. From time-to-time, the Company may offer customers the option to purchase additional goods and services at a fixed price. In these limited circumstances, the Company assesses whether these offers constitute a material right, and if so, the Company would account for the material right as a separate performance obligation. Other types of variable consideration are not considered significant. The Company does not normally provide for rights of returns to customers on product sales and, therefore, does not record a provision for returns.

Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct product or service to a customer that is both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the product or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available, and is distinct in the context of the contract, whereby the transfer of the product or service is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. For both Express and Edge units, equipment is sold or leased with embedded software, which is considered a single performance obligation. Maintenance, which includes future updates, security threat updates, and minor bug fixes on a when-and-if available basis, is considered a single performance obligation. As a part of reported subscription sales, certain non-lease components, such as maintenance, are included within the subscription revenue amount. The Company sells separately priced extended or nonstandard warranty services and preventative maintenance plans, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Installation and training are considered separate performance obligations and are included within services revenue. Any add-on accessories are also considered separate performance obligations.

Payment terms

Payment terms for customer orders are typically 30 days after the shipment or delivery of the product. For certain products, services and customer types, the Company requires payment before the products or services are delivered to, or performed for, the customer. Generally, the Company’s contracts do not contain a significant financing component.

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Multiple Performance Obligations within an Arrangement

The Company’s contracts may include multiple performance obligations when customers purchase a combination of products and services. When the Company’s customer arrangements have multiple performance obligations that contain a lease for Express or Edge equipment for the customer’s use at its site as well as distinct services that are delivered simultaneously, the Company allocates the arrangement consideration between the lease deliverables and non-lease deliverables based on the relative estimated SSP of each distinct performance obligation. For multiple performance obligation arrangements that do not contain a lease, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation on a relative SSP basis. The Company determines SSP based on the price at which the performance obligation is sold separately. If the SSP is not observable through past transactions, the Company estimates the SSP taking into account available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines related to the performance obligation.

Remaining Performance Obligations

ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of December 31, 2020. The following table includes estimated revenues expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially satisfied) as of December 31, 2020. Note that with respect to ASC 840, Subscription revenue includes maintenance in addition to the operating lease components of these transactions (in thousands).

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The amount of minimum future leases is based on expected income recognition. As of December 31, 2020, future minimum payments on noncancelable leases are as follows (in thousands):

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Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

Contract assets arise from unbilled amounts in customer arrangements when revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer and the Company’s right to payment is conditional and not only subject to the passage of time. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company had zero contract assets included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Contract liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which it has received consideration (or the amount is due) from the customer. The Company has a contract liability related to service revenue, which consists of amounts that have been invoiced but that have not been recognized as revenue. Amounts expected to be recognized as revenue within 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as current deferred revenue and amounts expected to be recognized as revenue beyond 12 months of the balance sheet date are classified as noncurrent deferred revenue. The Company recognized $1.0 million in 2020 of revenue that was previously included in the 2019 deferred revenue balance. The Company recognized $0.2 million in 2019 of revenue that was previously included in the 2018 deferred revenue balance. The following table provides a rollforward of deferred revenue (in thousands):

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Disaggregated Revenue

The following table presents the Company’s revenue by revenue stream (in thousands):

Contract Acquisition Costs

The Company incurs and pays commissions on product sales. The Company applies the practical expedient for contracts less than one year to expense the costs in the period in which they were incurred. Commissions on product sales and services are expensed in the period in which the sale occurs and the services are provided. Commissions on subscription arrangements and maintenance are expensed ratably over the life of the contract. The Company had a deferred asset related to commissions of $0.5 million at December 31, 2019 and a deferred asset of $2.3 million at December 31, 2020. The increase in deferred assets is due to an increase of subscription revenue in 2019 and 2020 for which the related revenue and commissions are recognized over the contract term. The Company amortized commissions of $0.1 million during 2020 which related to 2019.

Shipping and Handling Fees

Shipping and handling fees billed to customers for product shipments are recorded in revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Shipping and handling costs incurred for inventory purchases and product shipments are recorded in cost of revenue in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Cost of Revenue

The Company recognizes cost of revenue in the same manner that the related revenue is recognized.

Cost of Product Revenue

Cost of revenue related to product revenue consists primarily of costs paid to third party manufacturers, labor costs, and shipping costs.

Cost of Subscription Revenue

Cost of revenue related to subscription revenue consists primarily of labor costs, shipping costs, and depreciation related to leased units.

Cost of Services Revenue

Cost of revenue related to services revenue consists primarily of labor, spare parts, shipping costs, and field service repair costs. Cost of revenue related to maintenance revenue consists primarily of labor, spare parts, shipping costs, field service repair costs, equipment, and supplies.

A provision for the estimated cost related to warranty is recorded to cost of revenue at the time revenue is recognized as necessary. The accrued warranty cost is based on estimated material, labor, and other costs that the Company expects to incur to fulfill the warranty obligations. Estimates are primarily based on historical information, current cost data, and future forecast. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of the warranty accrual and adjusts the amount as necessary. If the historical data used to calculate the adequacy of the warranty accrual are not indicative of future requirements, an additional or reduced warranty accrual may be required. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded a warranty accrual of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million which is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses consist of costs incurred in performing research and development activities and include costs for salaries and bonuses, employee benefits, prototypes, design expenses, consulting and contractor costs and an allocated portion of overhead costs.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Advertising costs were less than $0.1 million during each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Patent Costs

All patent-related costs incurred in connection with filing and prosecuting patent applications are expensed as incurred due to the uncertainty about the recovery of the expenditures. These expenses are classified within general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures all stock-based awards granted to employees, officers, directors and non-employees based on their fair value on the date of the grant and recognizes compensation expense for those awards over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. The Company issues stock-based awards with only service-based vesting conditions and records the expense for these awards using the straight-line method. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. The Company has not issued any stock-based awards with performance-based vesting conditions. In August 2020, the Company granted an officer 1,481,982 stock options with a performance-based milestone vesting condition which vested immediately upon achievement of a certain sales milestone. The milestone was achieved in December 2020, and the Company recorded $0.1 million in stock compensation expense upon vesting during the year ended December 31, 2020.

The Company classifies stock-based compensation expense in its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss in the same manner in which the award recipient’s payroll costs are classified.

The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses the following inputs: (i) the fair value per share of the common stock issuable upon exercise of the option, (ii) the expected term of the option, (iii) expected volatility of the price of the common stock, (iv) the risk-free interest rate, and (v) the expected dividend yield. The Company values its common stock taking into consideration its most recently available valuation of common stock performed by third parties as well as additional factors which may have changed since the date of the most recent contemporaneous valuation through the date of grant. The exercise price of the option cannot be less than the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. The expected term of the Company’s stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla”. The Company historically has been a private company and lacks company-specific historical and implied volatility information for its stock. Therefore, the Company estimates its expected stock price volatility based on the historical volatility of publicly traded peer companies and expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of its own traded stock price. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. Expected dividend yield is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends on common stock and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements or in the Company’s tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the consolidated financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in the provision for income taxes.

The Company assesses the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future sources of income and, to the extent it believes, based upon the weight of available evidence, that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established through a charge to income tax expense. Potential for recovery of deferred tax assets is evaluated by analyzing past operating results, estimating the future taxable profits expected and considering prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.

The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the consolidated financial statements by applying a two-step process to determine the amount of tax benefit to be recognized. First, the tax position must be evaluated to determine the likelihood that it will be sustained upon external examination by the taxing authorities. If the tax position is deemed more-likely-than-not to be sustained, the tax position is then assessed to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of the benefit that may be recognized is the largest amount that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The provision for income taxes includes the effects of any resulting tax reserves, or unrecognized tax benefits, that are considered appropriate as well as the related net interest and penalties.

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

The Company evaluates at the end of each reporting period whether some or all of the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries are permanently reinvested. The Company would recognize deferred income tax liabilities to the extent that management asserts that undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries are not permanently reinvested and will not be permanently reinvested in the future. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 the Company had no foreign earnings in any foreign jurisdictions.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss includes net loss as well as other changes in stockholders’ deficit that result from transactions and economic events other than those with stockholders. The Company’s comprehensive net loss equals the reported net loss for all periods presented.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions

The Company has determined that the functional and reporting currency for its operations in the United Kingdom is the U.S. Dollar. Gains and losses arising from currency exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in other income (expense), net.

Net Loss per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

The Company follows the two-class method when computing net income (loss) per share as the Company has issued shares that meet the definition of participating securities. The two-class method determines net income (loss) per share for each class of common and participating securities according to dividends declared or accumulated and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The two-class method requires income available to common stockholders for the period to be allocated between common and participating securities based upon their respective rights to receive dividends as if all income for the period had been distributed.

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders is computed by adjusting net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders to reallocate undistributed earnings based on the potential impact of dilutive securities. Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, including potential dilutive common shares. For purpose of this calculation, outstanding stock options, convertible preferred stock and warrants to purchase preferred stock are considered potential dilutive common shares.

The Company’s convertible preferred shares contractually entitle the holders of such shares to participate in dividends but do not contractually require the holders of such shares to participate in losses of the Company. Accordingly, in periods in which the Company reports a net loss attributable to common stockholders, such losses are not allocated to such participating securities. In periods in which the Company reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders, diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same as basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, since dilutive common shares are not assumed to have been issued if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-18”), which requires that amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. For public business entities, ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 as of the required effective date of January 1, 2019, and there was no material impact on the Company’s statement of cash flows.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception (“ASU 2017-11”). Part I applies to entities that issue financial instruments such as warrants, convertible debt or convertible preferred stock that contain down-round features. Part II replaces the indefinite deferral for certain mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests and mandatorily redeemable financial instruments of nonpublic entities contained within Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 with a scope exception and does not impact the accounting for these mandatorily redeemable instruments. For public entities, ASU 2017-11 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. The Company early adopted ASU 2017-11 effective January 1, 2019, and there was no material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The company does not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under master netting agreements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2018-07”). These amendments expand the scope of Topic 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation (which currently only includes share-based payments to employees) to include share-based payments issued to non-employees for goods or services. Consequently, the accounting for share-based payments to non-employees and employees will be substantially aligned. The ASU supersedes Subtopic 505-50, Equity — Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees. This standard is effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted as long as ASU 2014-09 has been adopted by the Company. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company early adopted this guidance, effective January 1, 2019, and its adoption caused the Preferred Stock Warrants to be classified as equity, as detailed in the Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements section of Note 1.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”), which removes, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements in Topic 820. The Company will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as well as the valuation processes of Level 3 fair value measurements. However, the Company will be required to additionally disclose the changes in unrealized gains and losses included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements and the range and weighted average of assumptions used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments relating to additional disclosure requirements will be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial year of adoption. All other amendments will be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The Company early adopted this guidance, effective January 1, 2019, and its adoption had no material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company qualifies as “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 and has elected not to “opt out” to the extended transition related to complying with new or revised accounting standards, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public and nonpublic companies, the Company will adopt the new or revised standard at the time nonpublic companies adopt the new or revised standard and will do so until such time that the Company either (i) irrevocably elects to “opt out” of such extended transition period or (ii) no longer qualifies as an emerging growth company. The Company may choose to early adopt any new or revised accounting standards whenever such early adoption is permitted for nonpublic companies.

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2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). The new standard adjusts the accounting for assets held at amortized costs basis, including marketable securities accounted for as available for sale, and trade receivables. The standard eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold and requires an entity to reflect its current estimate of all expected credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets to present the net amount expected to be collected. For public entities except smaller reporting companies, the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, which deferred the effective date for non-public entities to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is allowed. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2023, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e., lessees and lessors). The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less may be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases today. For nonpublic entities, this guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), which added an optional transition method under which financial statements may be prepared under the revised guidance for the year of adoption, but not for prior years. Under the latter method, entities will recognize a cumulative catch-up adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2022, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (ASC 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various areas related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. For public entities the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. For non-public entities, the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and for interim periods within years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company expects to adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2022, and it is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity,” which simplifies and clarifies certain calculation and presentation matters related to convertible and equity and debt instruments. Specifically, ASU-2020-06 removes requirements to separately account for conversion features as a derivative under ASC Topic 815 and removing the requirement to account for beneficial conversion features on such instruments. ASU 2020-06 also provides clearer guidance surrounding disclosure of such instruments and provides specific guidance for how such instruments are to be incorporated in the calculation of Diluted EPS. The guidance under ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company will adopt this standard using a modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the effects of adoption on its consolidated financial statements.